Royal Line of Succession

To celebrate Her Majesty’s 60th year on the throne, heraldic artist Neil Bromley has created an ornate family tree, detailing the royal line of succession since 1066.

Set down in elegant calligraphy and decorated with intricate heraldic artwork, we can see the Royal Line unfold through history, from William the Conqueror in 1066 to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II in 2012. The work also includes the marriage of Prince William and Catherine Middleton.

Where do you start on a project like this?
We recently spoke to Neil and he explained to us the different stages in producing this wonderful piece of work.

The Design
The actual text is fairly commonly known and through a number of resources I was able to follow the different houses that make up the Line of Succession and to place them in an order from which I could work from. It was important to make sure that as many Royal arms were incorporated as possible and so the only space left to work from was the outer edge, this determined my layout.

The original work was to be produced on finest manuscript vellum. Due to its size and the length of time it would take me to produce (seven months in total) I decided to stretch the vellum on a frame. Vellum does have a tendency to move with the different temperatures and moisture, so the stretching would keep the work flat. Once stretched, I then proceeded to design the basic layout.

All preliminary work is carried out on tracing paper and once I have a rough layout and draft, I am then able to redraw the entire work once again on trace to create a finished clean line example of what will be drawn up on to vellum. A process which takes time but is worth it as all good work comes from good design.

I tend to use a 4h pencil for most tracings and when it comes to drawing up on vellum I use a 9h for clarity. The trace is redrawn (every detail) on vellum using a slip of tracing paper backed with Armenian Bowl, a reddish pigment which has a tendency to brush off if not careful and so the entire work must be redrawn!

Gilding
From here I like to create the colourful parts (it may be down to personal choice) and so gilding is the first and most important of orders. Gesso is laid where the Gold Leaf is to sit. I have already made this myself using the traditional method and this is laid in the evening usually all at once. The next morning (depending on weather) the Gold leaf is applied. A combination of thin and extra thick 23C gold leaf is applied. Once burnished, I am then able to work on all the painted gold. This is again a combination of shell gold as well as imitation Gold Gouache. For me it works well and is of course much cheaper!
Adding the colours
Once this process has been completed I work on the colours. I lay the blues then the reds and from there build up each layer with a darker tone and another darker tone to create shading before outlining the work in a deep red/brown. All colours are Windsor and Newton Gouache. Any highlighting may be applied once completed.
Lettering
Once the main border has been completed I may produce any hand lettering. Again a combination of Shell Gold, Gold powder mixed with Gum Arabic and water or just simple gouache will do nicely. This then leaves the main bulk of text to written. For this I always use William Mitchell nibs and mix Chinese stick ink for any Calligraphy. It gives a wonderful aroma when mixing and sits on vellum most beautifully, just resting on the surface. If any mistakes occur then let it dry and use a size 10 scalpel blade to very gently scrape off as vellum is non-porous and will take the blade. Paper is not so forgiving!
Any coloured ink is usually gouache mixed with gum Arabic to ensure it stays on the page.

Visit the Royal Line of Succession website where you can purchase your own copy signed by the artist.

Gilders Mops

Gilders Mops are used for brushing up skewings (loose pieces of leaf). The loose gold can be swept onto a sheet of paper and then tipped in to a plastic pot.They are also used for applying gelatine size when glass gilding and burnishing leaf or metallic powder, when gilding relief surfaces/dusting on metallic powder to gold size.Gilders Mop size 2Gilders Mop size 2Gilders Mop size 4Gilders Mop size 4Visit our Gilders Equipment section

Gilders Tip Small (Squirrel)

This Gilders Tip measures 87.5mm and is made from pure squirrel hair. It is for picking up loose gold leaf from a Gilders Cushion or direct from the booklet and applying it to the size. The brush is either wiped on the nose or through your hair to collect a little grease. The leaf of gold attaches itself to the brush when it is gently pressed on it.

Squirrel Gilders Tip Small

 

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Kolner Miniatum Ink

Here are some notes and guidelines from the manufacturer of Kolner Miniatum Ink:

Kolner Miniatum Ink has been designed as a supplement to Kolner Miniatum. Finest lines can be made with a variety of drawing instruments laid with gold or silver leaf. In combination with Kolner Miniatum nearly all calligraphy works are possible. The metal shine is mirror like after burnishing with cotton wool. The gilding work has permanent adhesion on the elastic film. Breaking or flaking on paper surfaces are not to be expected.Kolner Miniatum Ink can be used as delivered with nibs, artist brushes and fountain pens.Nibs and brushes need to be thoroughly cleaned after use with clean water.Smooth surface papers are best and normally a single application is sufficient. Only on more absorbent papers a second or third application would be necessary. Drying time depends on thickness of application and absorbency of surface. The average application dries in less than half an hour. The open time for gilding with patent leaf (gold or silver- not composition leaf) is about 3 hours after film formation, but will vary depending upon conditions.Apply patent leaf with a ball of cotton wool pressing from the backside to transfer paper. Burnishing can take place after complete covering with metal using an Agate Burnisher or the same ball of cotton.

kolner miniatum ink

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Kolner Miniatum

Here are some notes and guidelines from the manufacturer of Kolner Miniatum:

Kolner Miniatum is a size for mirror gloss gilding on paper and flexible surfaces. It can provide a mirror like finish without burnishing with an agate burnisher. Genuine gold and silver leaf will achieve the highest degree of luster.

Kolner Miniatum is ideal size for gilding illuminated manuscripts. The elastic nature of the size assures a long lasting gilded surface. The turning of illuminated pages will not cause the leaf to delaminate. Because Kolner Miniatum contains Butylcarbitol, make sure there is sufficient ventilation while working with this product. The highest quality of acid free, heavy weight papers should be used as the base surface. Smooth surface papers are preferred to achieve a glass like finish. The Size can normally be applied directly to a smooth, dry, minimally absorbent substrate with a fine brush or a drawing pen. All porous surfaces should be tested for compatibility. e.g. coated papers may require sealing with a lacquer to prevent buckling. Kolner Miniatum will provide the best results when the size forms a slightly elevated bead on the surface.

The size must be thoroughly dry before applying the leaf and it will remain open for gilding for up to the next 20 hours. Due to the long open time, overnight drying is advisable to assure the highest degree of lustre. The minimal drying time is 3 to 5 hours depending on thickness of layer, temperature and humidity. Dutch metal needs a shorter drying time. Apply patent leaf and roll leaf simply laying the leaf on the surface and rubbing the paper backing with a burnisher or ball of cotton ball. After finishing gilding, press over the surface with a cotton ball to ensure uniform adhesion and then burnish with a fresh ball of cotton or burnisher.Loose leaf should be laid in the same manner, using the tissue paper from the books of gold to protect the leaf when rubbing with cotton. The gilder should prefer genuine leaf or roll gold. To prevent oxidation of composition leaf and silver apply a thin coat of acrylic lacquer, preferably water based. Clean brushes with soap and water.

Always test all materials and procedures before attempting to perform the work on the final object!Kolner Miniatum

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How to Store Gold Leaf

Transfer gold leaf is very delicate, so be careful when storing it. Transfer leaf should not be stored near a source of heat (direct sunlight, radiator etc.) as the thin wax on the transfer paper can melt and affect the gold leaf. Also, transfer leaf should not be stored flat under any weight (books etc.) as this may cause the leaf to be further pressed onto the wax paper, possibly resulting in difficulties when gilding.